Levy

class gob.benchmarks.levy.Levy

Bases: Benchmark

The Levy function.

\(f(x) = \sin(\pi w_1)^2 + \sum_{i=1}^{d-1}(w_i - 1)^2[1 + 10 \sin(\pi w_i +1)^2] + (w_d - 1)^2[1 + \sin^2(2\pi w_d)]\), where \(w_i = \frac{x_i + 3}{4}\).

Its minimum is \(0\) achieved at \(x_i = 1\).

expr(x)

The expression of the function.

Parameters:

x (array-like) – The point at which to evaluate the function.

Returns:

The value of the function at x.

Return type:

float